Programme Music Müzik Grubu & Müzik Sanatçısı Liste

Program music or programmatic music is a type of instrumental music that attempts to musically render an extramusical narrative or description of some aspect of world. The term was invented in the 19th century by Franz Liszt, who himself composed a great deal of program music. However, as Liszt himself noted, program music had been written for centuries before his time.

To give an example, Ludwig van Beethoven's Sixth Symphony narrates a visit to the countryside, portraying in succession a happy arrival, a quiet moment by a brook, an encounter with dancing peasants, a thunderstorm, and the peasants' song of thankgiving when the storm is over. Program music is often written so that the notes themselves convey, at least to some degree, the meaning of what is portrayed; thus the thunderstorm in Beethoven's symphony includes loud timpani strokes to convey the thunder and shrill piccolo music to depict the shrieking winds.

Sung music, such as opera, oratorio, or lieder is not considered program music, even when a story is told, since the story is given directly in the lyrics.

Often, program music is accompanied by written material that clarifies the program for listeners. Beethoven's program is given in the subtitles he gave to the movements in the musical score, along with a few notations identifying the bird calls. For his Symphonie fantastique, Hector Berlioz wrote a detailed program and asked that it be distributed to concert audiences before performances. Each of the four parts of Antonio Vivaldi's The Four Seasons is affiliated with an Italian-language sonnet that describes what is being portrayed.

Program music has been composed throughout the European classical music tradition, particularly during the Romantic period of the 19th century. Single-movement orchestral pieces of program music, which flourished in the 19th century, are often called symphonic poems; also "tone poems".

The term absolute music is sometimes used to designate non-program music, intended to be appreciated without any particular reference to the outside world.